

both female and male gazes. Paul Messaris notes that female models in ads addressed to women ‘treat the lens as a substitute for the eye of an imaginary male onlooker,’ adding that ‘it could be argued that when women look at these ads, they are actually seeing themselves as a man might see them’
Could talk about how the product aimed at a male target audience is advertised by a female and talk about the reasons why? Using gaze terminology. Berger insisted that women were still ‘depicted in a different way to men - because the "ideal" spectator is always assumed to be male and the image of the woman is designed to flatter him’

visual pleasure and narrative cinema laura mulvey
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